碳酸岩U系测年在滇西北北衙组地层抬升速率计算中的应用     

罗文行  周云  房艳国  李路  肖宙轩  林靖愉  杨鹏  Jianxin ZHAO 《华南地震》2019,39(3):1-5

自第四纪以来,滇西北地区地壳活动强度明显增强,地震活动频繁,区域稳定性越来越低,人类生存环境严酷。选取滇西北地区鹤庆—洱源断裂带经过的北衙组地层作为研究对象,通过对干涸的溶洞内鹅管碳酸盐矿物进行U系不平衡法准确定年,厘定出构造隆升作用的起始时间,最终计算得出该套地层抬升速率为2.4mm/a。北衙组地层的迅速抬升,反映了滇西北地区作为青藏高原东南扩展前缘的地球动力学过程,可能与青藏高原下地壳物质向滇西流动汇聚有关。同时,该抬升速率为滇西地区国家重大工程建设的设防抗震提供了可靠的数据支撑。  相似文献   

Acoustic and petrophysical properties of mechanically compacted overconsolidated sands: part 1 – experimental results     

Sirikarn Narongsirikul  Nazmul Haque Mondol  Jens Jahren 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(4):804-824

This paper part one is set out to lay primary observations of experimental compaction measurements to form the basis for rock physics modelling in paper part two. P- and S-wave velocities and corresponding petrophysical (porosity and density) properties of seven unconsolidated natural sands with different mineralogical compositions and textures are reported. The samples were compacted in a uniaxial strain configuration from 0.5 up to 30 MPa effective stresses. Each sand sample was subjected to three loading cycles to study the influence of stress reduction on acoustic velocities and rock physical properties with the key focus on simulating a complex burial history with periods of uplift. Results show significant differences in rock physical properties between normal compaction and overconsolidation (unloaded and reloaded). The differences observed for total porosity, density, and P- and S-wave velocities are attributed to irrecoverable permanent deformation. Microtextural differences affect petrophysical, acoustic, elastic and mechanical properties, mostly during normal consolidation but are less significant during unloading and reloading. Different pre-consolidation stress magnitudes, stress conditions (isotropic or uniaxial) and mineral compositions do not significantly affect the change in porosity and velocities during unloading as a similar steep velocity–porosity gradient is observed. The magnitude of change in the total porosity is low compared to the associated change in P- and S-wave velocities during stress release. This can be explained by the different sensitivity of the porosity and acoustic properties (velocities) to the change in stress. Stress reduction during unloading yields maximum changes in the total porosity, P- and S-wave velocities of 5%, 25%, and 50%, respectively. These proportions constitute the basis for the following empirical (approximation) correlations: Δϕ ∼ ±5 ΔV_P and ΔV_P ∼ ±2ΔV_S. The patterns observed in the experiments are similar to well log data from the Barents Sea. Applications to rock physics modelling and reservoir monitoring are reported in a companion paper.  相似文献   

南海北缘东沙隆起中生代以来的埋藏史和热史重建——来自LF35-1-1井(U-Th)/He和Ro的证据          下载免费PDF全文

单竞男  张功成  饶松  唐晓音  沈怀磊  胡圣标 《地球物理学报》2017,60(10):3899-3915

沉积盆地埋藏史和热历史重建是了解盆地成因和油气形成条件的重要依据,而目前利用古温标手段研究珠江口盆地内东沙隆起热史和埋藏史的成果寥寥无几.本研究中,我们基于磷灰石与锆石(U-Th)/He年龄的反演结果给出了更多合理的约束条件,在此基础上对同一套镜质体反射率Ro数据进行了古热流法模拟计算,获得了钻井自中生代以来的地层温度史.反演结果显示LF35-1-1井区在早始新世-早渐新世发生了一期强烈的抬升剥蚀,地层剥蚀量为2000 m左右.拟合获得的埋藏史和热流史显示该井区在早始新世(~55Ma)经历了最高井底古热流(100 mW·m~(-2)),之后热流减小,持续至现今64.3 mW·m~(-2).最高古地温与隆升剥蚀在时间上的耦合体现了抬升事件对地温冷却的影响,但不足以排除基底热流下降因素.本次研究首次将(U-Th)/He技术用于南海北缘深水区盆地的热史研究,获得的热史结果更加符合现有的构造沉积大地构造方面的认识,展示了利用多种古温标手段进行盆地精细热史研究的良好效用.  相似文献   

中国大陆东南缘主要构造带基底结构          下载免费PDF全文

李培  蔡辉腾  金星  李海艳  徐嘉隽  任丛荣 《地球物理学报》2019,62(8):2991-3003

利用中国大陆东南缘四条北西向人工地震测深剖面的初至Pg波走时,使用有限差分层析成像方法反演剖面基底速度结构,并通过初始模型选取、射线数分布、走时拟合等手段分析结果的可靠度.研究结果表明,剖面表层速度比华北克拉通的地表速度高,闽东火山断拗带地表速度普遍高于西侧的闽西南坳陷带.相邻构造带的分界线两侧均有明显的速度横向变化,剖面东段的闽东火山断拗带内的东南沿海一带,速度变化较大,地层的褶皱变形要强于西段.基底埋深自西向东呈逐渐变浅的趋势,剖面东段的闽东火山断拗带基底起伏剧烈,基底深度与闽西南坳陷带相比较浅,与闽西北隆起带相比较深.西段的闽西北隆起带基底变化较为平缓,基底深度相对较浅;闽西南坳陷带基底深度明显加深,在龙岩新泉盆地内最深接近4 km.基底形态的起伏变化揭示出东南缘基底是坳陷与隆起并存的构造特征,与研究区近代的地质构造特征相吻合.邵武—河源、政和—大埔和长乐—诏安断裂带都切割基底,其中,政和—大埔断裂4 km深度下方有比较明显的低速异常带,结合本文以及现有的研究结果,进一步确认政和—大埔断裂是不同断块构造单元的分界.  相似文献